Energy Efficient Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems

Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS), easily mistaken for stucco or concrete, consist of a wall cladding that uses stiff insulation boards on the outside of a structure’s wall and an exterior coating made of plaster. This building technology originated in Germany in the aftermath of World War II and was introduced to the U.S. in the 1960’s. There are a number of varieties, but all are made with lightweight synthetic material. Typically a fraction of an inch thick, EIFS consist of a polystyrene foam insulation covered with a base coat.

EFIS Benefits – Energy Efficient, Effective and Flexible

Installed properly, EIFS:

• Improves the energy efficiency of buildings. Though initially more expensive, the initial investment will pay for itself over time. According to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, energy bills of structures with EIAF are typically 20 to 30 percent lower.
• The energy efficient polystyrene can be trimmed and shaped into arches, columns, various sculptures, and elaborate architectural designs, providing pleasant aesthetics and an opportunity for creative freedom.
• The insulation does not decrease the amount of a building’s interior square footage, a significant issue where square footage is expensive and limited in size.
• Installation is flexible in that the panels are constructed in a warehouse remote from the building’s location, removing the challenge of adhesive that won’t work in extreme temperatures.

Challenges to Overcome 

There are also issues that might deter individuals from using EIFS.

• EIFS can be technically challenging, as different manufacturers require different installation processes.
• Finding contractors who are properly trained and qualified to install EIFS can be difficult to find in some areas.
• Construction schedules can be tight, which combined with the use of inexperienced workers can result in leaks.
• In the event that water gets behind the EIFS (i.e. it fails to meet its waterproof claim), responsibility is tough to assign, given the number of people who play a role in the integrity of the system.
• Insurance companies often add an exclusion for EIFS for their liability insurance policies.
• The EIFS Industry Member’s Association (EIMA) strongly recommends that only trained professionals install EIFS.  It is definitely not a do-it-yourself product; those who have tried to install EIFS on their own typically end up with leaks or holes in the walls.

More Suited for Commercial Buildings

Because of these challenges, EIFS appears best suited for commercial applications, as the added initial costs and likely outcomes in the event that amateurs install it seems to deter widespread installation in residential settings. In fact, one out of every 11 commercial buildings in the U.S. uses EIFS.